Author's response to reviews Title: Activation of MEK1 or MEK2 isoform is sufficient to fully transform intestinal epithelial cells and induce the formation of metastatic tumors Authors:

Selective role for Mek1 but not Mek2 in the induction of epidermal neoplasia.

The Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway regulates fundamental processes in normal and malignant cells, including proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival. Mutations in this pathway have been associated with carcinogenesis and developmental disorders, making Mek1 and Mek2 prime therapeutic targets. In this study, we examined the requirement for Mek1 and Mek2 in skin...

Sef downregulation by Ras causes MEK1/2 to become aberrantly nuclear localized leading to polyploidy and neoplastic transformation.

Subcellular trafficking of key oncogenic signal pathway components is likely to be crucial for neoplastic transformation, but little is known about how such trafficking processes are spatially controlled. In this study, we show how Ras activation causes aberrant nuclear localization of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK; MEK) MEK1/2 to driv...

Author's response to reviews Title: The Ets dominant repressor En/Erm enhances intestinal epithelial tumorigenesis in ApcMin mice Authors:

Loss of active MEK1-ERK1/2 restores epithelial phenotype and morphogenesis in transdifferentiated MDCK cells.

Constitutive activation of the MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)1-ERK2 signaling module in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)-C7 cells disrupts their ability to form cyst-like structures in collagen gels and induces an invasive, myofibroblast-like phenotype. However, the reversibility of these cellular events, as well as the relative role of both MEK isoforms (MEK1 and MEK2) and both ERK isoforms (ERK1 and E...

The Effect of Intestinal Microbiota Metabolites on HT29 Cell line by Using MTT Method in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, Human guts harbor abundant microbes that adjust many aspects of host physiology.  Increasing studies show that gut microbiota plays a significant role in the incidence and expansion of CRC, as a result of virulence factors, bacterial metabolites, or inflammatory pathways. Materials and Methods: In this study, viability o...